Tissue repair and recovery

Most of the interest here centres on BPC-157 and thymosin beta-4 fragments. Animal results are plentiful and often striking, but controlled human trials are close to nonexistent. A 2025 systematic review of BPC-157 in orthopaedics found 35 preclinical studies and one small retrospective human report. Read these profiles with that gap in mind.

10 compounds, strongest evidence first

Human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide made by skin, gut and immune cells. Human RCTs
Copper-binding tripeptide GHK-Cu GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide found in human plasma, saliva and urine. Early human data
Thymosin beta-4 peptide TB-500 TB-500 is the trade name for synthetic thymosin beta-4 or its active fragment. Early human data
Endogenous tetrapeptide Ac-SDKP (TB fragment 1-4) Ac-SDKP is a natural tetrapeptide cut from the N-terminus of thymosin beta-4. Animal studies
Relaxin receptor agonist B7-33 B7-33 is a simplified, single-chain version of the hormone relaxin-2, designed to keep relaxin’s anti-fibrotic effects while being easier to make. Animal studies
Synthetic pentadecapeptide BPC-157 BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid peptide studied mainly for tendon, ligament, muscle and gut healing in rodents. Animal studies
Multi-peptide blend BPC-157 + TB-500 blend This blend combines BPC-157 and TB-500 (thymosin beta-4 or its fragment) in one vial, usually in equal amounts by mass. Animal studies
Multi-peptide blend GLOW blend GLOW is a supplier name for a three-part vial of GHK-Cu, BPC-157 and TB-500, marketed for skin and tissue repair. Animal studies
Multi-peptide blend KLOW blend KLOW adds the anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV to the three components of GLOW. Animal studies
Anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH and carries much of that hormone’s anti-inflammatory activity without its pigment effects. Animal studies