Immune and antimicrobial

Thymosin alpha-1 is approved in a number of countries outside the US as an immune modulator for hepatitis B and as a vaccine adjunct. LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin and has been tested in early wound-healing trials. KPV and VIP are studied for inflammatory conditions, mostly in animal models.

8 compounds, strongest evidence first

Thymic immunomodulatory peptide Thymosin Alpha-1 Thymosin alpha-1 is a 28-amino-acid peptide from the thymus that modulates T-cell and dendritic-cell function. Approved medicine
Neuropeptide VIP Vasoactive intestinal peptide is a 28-amino-acid neuropeptide found throughout the gut, lungs, brain and immune system. Approved medicine
EPO-derived tissue-protective peptide ARA-290 ARA-290 is an 11-amino-acid peptide modelled on part of erythropoietin. Human RCTs
Human antimicrobial peptide LL-37 LL-37 is the only human cathelicidin, an antimicrobial peptide made by skin, gut and immune cells. Human RCTs
Thymus-derived peptide complex Thymalin Thymalin is a mixture of polypeptides extracted from calf thymus, registered in Russia as an immune-modulating medicine. Early human data
Multi-peptide blend KLOW blend KLOW adds the anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV to the three components of GLOW. Animal studies
Anti-inflammatory tripeptide KPV KPV is the C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-MSH and carries much of that hormone’s anti-inflammatory activity without its pigment effects. Animal studies
Zinc-dependent thymic nonapeptide Thymulin Thymulin is a nine-residue hormone secreted by thymic epithelial cells that needs zinc to be active. Animal studies